The Souls of Black Folk

by W. E. B. Du Bois

Assigned by 4 of the 9 reading lists, catalogue entry only

Written
1903
Form
Essay
Language
English
Length
Medium · 220 pp120 to 300 pages
Difficulty
Moderate2 of 5 for a first-year reader

We recommendThe Souls of Black FolkW. W. Norton, 1999Norton Critical Edition edited by Henry Louis Gates Jr. and Terri Hume Oliver, with contexts and criticism.

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Fourteen essays on the condition of Black Americans forty years after emancipation, each headed by a bar of a spiritual. Du Bois introduces the idea of double consciousness, the sense of always looking at oneself through the eyes of others, and of the veil that divides the races. He examines the Freedmen's Bureau, criticises Booker T. Washington's policy of accommodation, describes teaching in rural Tennessee and the Black Belt of Georgia, argues for higher education, mourns the death of his infant son and ends with a chapter on the sorrow songs.

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Souls of Black Folk, Essays and Sketches, double consciousness, the veil, color line, Booker T. Washington, Freedmen's Bureau, sorrow songs, talented tenth, Black Belt, William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, W. E. B. DuBois